Understanding Solubility and Molecular Polarity

This page provides a comprehensive overview of çözünme nedir (what is solubility) and the concepts of polar and apolar molecules. It explains the fundamental principle behind solubility and provides examples of polar and apolar substances.

The document begins by stating the basic principle of solubility: "like dissolves like". This concept is crucial for understanding how different substances interact in solution.

Definition: Çözünme Nedir - Solubility is the process by which a substance (solute) dissolves in a solvent to form a homogeneous mixture.

The page then distinguishes between polar and apolar substances:

1. Polar madde (Polar substances):

   • Dissolve in polar solvents
   • Have an uneven distribution of charge
   • Contain unpaired ions
   • Examples include ionic compounds

2. Apolar madde (Apolar substances):

   • Dissolve in apolar solvents
   • Have an even distribution of charge
   • Do not contain unpaired ions
   • Examples include noble gases

Highlight: The polarity of a molecule significantly affects its solubility properties. Polar ve apolar maddeler behave differently in various solvents.

The document provides visual representations of molecular structures to illustrate the difference between polar and apolar molecules. Some examples include:

Example:

• H-H and H-B-H are apolar molecules
• H-F and H-O-H (water) are polar molecules due to the presence of unpaired ions

The page concludes with extensive lists of common polar and apolar substances:

Vocabulary:

• Polar maddeler examples: H₂O, NH₃, HF, HCl, HBr, HI
• Apolar maddeler examples: CH₄, C₂H₆, Br₂, N₂, CCl₄

This comprehensive overview provides students with a solid foundation for understanding moleküler çözünme örnekleri (examples of molecular dissolution) and the principles governing solubility in different types of solvents.